Andrii Ivaniuk (1), Taras Kharachko (1), Roman Lysiuk (2)*, Oleg Danchuk (1), and Oleksandr Cheban (1)

1. Ukrainian National Forestry University, Lviv, Ukraine.

2. Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine. *E-mail: pharmacognosy.org.ua@ukr.net

Biometric parameters of fruits and seeds of Paulownia tomentosa collected from trees grow- ing in soil and climatic conditions of different geographical locations of Odesa, Zakarpattia (Muk- achevo) and Lviv regions of Ukraine, as well as technical and absolute germination, germination energy, mean germination time and weight of 1000 seeds, were studied. The effect of different temperatures on seed germination in soil was evaluated under two temperature regimes. The influence of the duration of pre-soaking on seed germination was also determined. Pre-soaking of seeds in water and solutions of five different stimulants on germination in soil was also inves- tigated. It has been found that in the conditions of Odesa region, the species formed larger fruits and the seeds were characterized by significant rate and uniformity of germination. Lowering of germination temperature caused a decrease in germination energy, laboratory and absolute seed germination, and increased the mean germination time of seeds. Pre-soaking of seeds increased significantly germination rate and its duration was associated with the parameters: germination energy, technical and absolute germination. Among the three seed collections, the highest tech- nical germination was recorded for seeds from Lviv region. The seeds from Odesa region had the highest germination energy. The seeds were characterized by high germination rate in soil regardless of the geographical location of seed collection under the conditions of Ukraine. The highest germination in soil was found for seeds, collected in Lviv. Temperature during germina- tion significantly affected the germination of seeds in soil. Under the temperature regime of 21 to 25 °C, soil fertility parameters were significantly higher. Pre-soaking of seeds had the highest stimulating effect on further germination of seeds in soil among the studied treatments. Pre-treat- ment of seeds with germination stimulants had generally a positive effect, increasing germination in soil.

Received: 13 September 2023 / Accepted: 23 November 2023 / Available online: 28 November 2023 

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Agus Yadi Ismail (1) , Cecep Kusmana (2) , Eming Sudiana (3) , Sri Ayu Andayani (2) , Sukron Aminudin (4) , and Mai Fernando Nainggolan (5)*

1. Faculty of Forestry, Kuningan University, Jl. Tjut Nyak Dhien Kuningan, Indonesia.
2. Department of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Jl. Raya Dramaga,
IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia.
3. Faculty of Biology, Jendral Soedirman University, Jl. Dr. Soeparno 63, Purwokerto,
Banyumas 53122, Central Java, Indonesia.
4. Fakulty of Agriculture, Majalengka University, Jl. K.H Abdul Halim No. 103,
Majalengka Regency, West Java 45418, Indonesia.
5. Faculty of Agriculture, St. Thomas University, Medan, Indonesia.
*E-mail: andonainggolan88@gmail.com

Cinnamomum sintoc Blume is native from the lowland region of Indonesia, and is an endemic plant in Mount Ciremai National Park. It is a medicinal plant that can be extracted into essential oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition of essential oils contained in the leaves and bark of C. sintoc in Mount of Ciremai National Park. The extraction method uses steam distillation. The distillation results are analysed using gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil. The results showed there are differences in the composition of chemical compounds contained in the leaves and bark of C. sintoc, the main chemical compound components in the leaves were linalool (8.26–87.12 %), 1,8-cineole (33.20–49.21 %), caryophyllene (1.54–7.78 %), α-terpineol (1.02–17.23 %), β-selinene (1.02–4.16 %), germacrene β (1.02–4.03 %), and (-)-caryophyllene oxide (1.01–2.49 %) and in the bark were 1,8-cineole (11.70–51.88 %), α-terpineol (12.17–25.64 %), linalool (38.11–78.98%), 4-terpineol (3.71–10.11 %), caryophyllene (1.23–4.90 %), β-pinene (1.09–4.02 %), and d-cadinene (1.01–3.28 %). This research shows that the highest yields of essential oils are found on the western slopes of Mount Ciremai National Park.

Received: 07 August 2023 / Accepted: 08 December 2023 / Available online: 14 December 2023

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Vasil Kolev

1. Department of Wildlife Management, University of Forestry, 10 St. Kl. Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria. E-mail: vassilie@abv.bg

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The article presents a study on the growth patterns of Romanian barbel in the middle reaches of the Vit River, within the Danube River watershed in Bulgaria. The research utilized material collected by anglers along the Vit River, with a total of 209 individuals examined. Fish age was determined through scalimetry, while length and mass were calculated using scale length-radius and mass-length relationships, respectively. The study established four age groups, with the majority of the sample consisting of three and four-year-old fish. The length of the sampled individuals ranged from 88 mm to 192 mm. Growth analysis was conducted by back-calculating the length using the equation SL = 1.9331·S + 42.677 (r2 = 0.947). Furthermore, a relationship between gutted weight (W) and standard length (SL) was established using the equation W = 0.00003∙L2.8233 (r2 = 0.996). The obtained results were compared to nine local populations of Romanian barbel in rivers across Bulgaria.

Received: 09 October 2023 / Accepted: 14 December 2023 / Available online: 19 December 2023

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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