Issues

Issues: 1-5 | 6-9
Downloads: 130

Altitudinal and latitudinal variation in leaf phenology of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Western Bulgaria

Svetoslav Anev

Department of Dendrology, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria. E-mail: svetoslav.anev@ltu.bg
Abstract:

Forest phenology has gained increasing attention due to its role in understanding and moni- toring the effects of climate change on ecosystems. This article compares the main phenological events of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) over six years in three mountains in Western Bul- garia – Western Stara Planina, Osogovo, and Belasitsa. The correlations between the start of the season (SOS) date, max of the season (MOS) date, end of the season (EOS) date, and length of the season (LOS), on one hand, and the altitude and latitude, on the other, was assessed. Results showed that all studied phenological events of European beech correlate significantly with the elevation – SOS and LOS positively, while MOS and EOS – negatively. The relations were more substantial in the north-sloped mountains and poorer in the Osogovo Mt., where stands cover northern, but also eastern and southern facing slopes. The latitude was a significant factor for MOS and EOS, which occur the later the further south the mountain is. The latest SOS in Oso- govo, which leads to an alignment of LOS with that of Petrohan, decreases altitude’s influence on these phenological events. Analysing spatial patterns of vegetation changes can help identify variations in phenological events across different areas.

Received: 20 August 2023 / Accepted: 4 October 2023 / Available online: 12 October 2023

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. 
(Forestry Ideas, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 2) [Download]
Downloads: 174

Efficiency of using a water curtain device in forest fires

Mykola Pelypenko*, Denys Lahno, Oleh Zemlianskyi, Ihor Nozhko, and Artem Bychenko

Cherkasy Institute of Fire Safety named after Chornobyl Heroes of National University
of Civil Defence of Ukraine, 8 Onoprienka Str., Cherkasy 18034, Ukraine. 
*E-mail: nicolastayer@gmail.com
Abstract:

The article presents statistics of forest fires in Ukraine, characterizes large-scale forest fires in the world and their consequences. Presented methods of detecting and reducing the intensity of the spread of forest fires and fires in ecosystems that were under previous radioactive or chemical contamination do not always bring the desired result, so the authors suggest using their patented device to create a water curtain. The purpose of the article is to present a mathematical model of irrigation with this device. To conduct the research, a stand was used, with the help of which the results of changes in pressure, flow rate, spray radius were obtained experimentally. Empirical dependencies were established, on the basis of which a mathematical model of irrigation with a water curtain device was built. The model is necessary to determine the parameters of the device and improve the quality of calculations necessary during forest fire extinguishing.

Received: 02 March 2023 / Accepted: 07 October 2023 / Available online: 30 October 2023

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(Forestry Ideas, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 2) [Download]
Downloads: 195

Peculiarities of middle-aged Scots pine forests development after surface fires in Kremenchuk green area, Ukraine

Yevhen Melnyk (1)*, Oleksandr Bondar (2), Serhii Sydorenko (1), Nelia Tsytsiura (3), Olena Tryhuba (3), Olha Dukh (3), Oksana Halahan (3), and Olha Kratko (3)

1. Ukrainian Research Institute of Forestry and Forest Melioration named after G. M. Vysotsky, 61024, 86 Pushkinska Str., Kharkiv, Ukraine. *E-mail: wudckij1985@gmail.com

2. West Ukrainian National University, 46009, 11 Lvivska Str., Ternopil, Ukraine.

3. Kremenets Taras Shevchenko Regional Academy of Humanities and Pedagogy, 47003, 1 Litseyna Str., Kremenets, Ukraine.
Abstract:

The aim of the study was to establish the effects of different levels of damage by surface fires on middle-aged Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in the green area of the city of Kremenchuk under increased recreational pressure. We used data from the sample plots established in Hradyzk Forestry in Kremenchuk Forest Economy Branch 3 years after a surface fire in a fairly common type of forest site conditions – fresh relatively poor forest site type. The main mensuration characteristics as well as impact features and impact of damage to Scots pine trunk with diferent level of severity were determined, taking into account the rough bark height and Kraft classes. The tree health dynamic and trees mortality several years after the fire were analysed. The possibilities for the tree regeneration and condition improvement were assessed, considering the long-term recreational pressure. A very strong correlations were found between the tree condition deterioration and the bark char height increase (r = 0.95) and the degree of thin bark burn injury (r = 0.98). The dependence of the tree mortality on the bark char height was also very strong (r = 0.94). A strong significant correlation (r = 0.84) was established between the proportion of dying trees and the degree of thin bark burn injury. Based on these data, it was possible to clearly trace the consequences and features of the most critical damages as well as to establish the values at which the trees almost completely survived.

Received: 30 August 2023 / Accepted: 01 November 2023 / Available online: 15 November 2023

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(Forestry Ideas, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 2) [Download]
Downloads: 168

Gas-exchange responses to light variation of tree species in urban landscaping

Adriana Marinova* and Svetoslav Anev

Department of Dendrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1797 Sofia, Bulgaria. *E-mail: adriana_marinova@ltu.bg
Abstract:

Some modifications of the urban environment, such as changes in light intensity resulting from anthropogenic activities in the cities, affect the plant’s physiology. Examining physiological processes reveals the current state of plants and their potential for adaptation under changing environmental conditions. In a field study, we investigated the gas-exchange responses of seven tree species used in urban landscaping (Betula pendula Roth, Ailanthus altissima Swingle, Tilia tomentosa Moench, Tilia platyphyllos Scop., Tilia cordata Mill., Quercus robur L., and Paulownia tomentosa Siebold & Zucc) to variations of light using infrared gas analysis. Leaf light-saturated photosynthesis, dark respiration, and light use efficiency were obtained from the light-response curves. Carbon use efficiency was also determined. In this study, the highly shade-intolerant species, except for P. tomentosa, show lower carbon use efficiency. This suggests that the ex- isting environmental conditions are not conducive to intensive growth for species that demand substantial solar radiation. In contrast, P. tomentosa stands out as an exceptionally resilient and potentially productive species, capable of adapting to various changes in the current environ- ment, even when they do not align with its specific ecological requirements. Nevertheless, P. tomentosa’s high carbon use efficiency compared to the native experimental species suggests its potential invasiveness.

Received: 04 October 2023 / Accepted: 13 November 2023 / Available online: 17 November 2023 

Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(Forestry Ideas, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 2) [Download]
Downloads: 170

Using the regression model to estimate the infiltration rate from soil properties after shifting cultivation in Vietnam

Tran Xuan Minh*, Nguyen Dinh Vinh, Ta Thi Binh, Hoang Thi Mai, and Nguyen Thi Huong Giang

Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Vinh University, Nghean 43000, Vietnam. *E-mail: minhtx@vinhuni.edu.vn
Abstract:

The aim of the study was: (i) to measure the different soil properties and infiltration rate; (ii) to determine the optimum soil infiltration rate model based on soil properties (soil porosity, bulk density, soil moisture, organic matter, clay, silt and sand) after shifting cultivation in Vietnam. Infiltration rates were measured using a double-ring infiltrometer at 36 sampling points, and the measurements were taken from February to June 2020. Location of each infiltration stations were marked using GPS device. The results showed that the infiltration rate in vegetation recovering (grassland, shrubland and small regenerating trees) after shifting cultivation varied from 2.41 to 3.23 mm·min-1, with an average measured infiltration rate of 2.87 ±0.22 mm·min-1. The soil poros- ity, organic matter content and sand have a positive correlation with infiltration rate, whereas bulk density, soil moisture, clay, silt have a negative one. The analysis performed for five models con- sidering the combination of soil properties and subjected to regression analysis. Result showed that in order to predict soil infiltration rate based on few properties of soil with four independent variables, multi-linear regression model IR = 1.745 + 0.026 (SP) + 0.016 (OM) - 0.026 (SM) + 0.003 (sand) with the coefficient of determination R2 = 0.856, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) = -55.77 and posterior probability = 15.5 % is the best model for the estimation of infiltration rate and recommended for the research area.

Received: 23 February 2023 / Accepted: 13 November 2023 / Available online: 22 November 2023

 Open Access: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(Forestry Ideas, 2023, Vol. 29, No. 2) [Download]
Issues: 1-5 | 6-9